Background: The study x-rays the possibility of any form of relationship between koilocytes (Perinuclear hallows that indicate the presence of HPV on Papanicolaou stained slides) and CD4 receptor cells observed from archival cervical tissues and seminal fluids of HIV positive unisex cohorts aged 15 years and above.

Objectives: (i) To qualitatively test if any significant association exists between CD4 Count and HPV infection in HIV positive unisex cohorts.

Methods: HIV positive male and female cohorts, aged 15-40 years were prospectively and randomly tested for the presence of koilocytes using their semen and endocervical swab samples respectively. Their EDTA blood samples were also tested for CD4 count. This was carried out in four hospitals within the F.C.T. Abuja, Nigeria. The CD4 Count was carried using the method of Holly et al, (2006).Papanicolaou cytological staining technique was adopted. Those that were HIV negative among the cohorts were used as controls. The study lasted for one year.

Results: In the HIV positive female cohorts, high monthly mean koilocytes count of, 39.0% and low CD4 Count of 350 lymphocyte counts /µl were observed; while in the HIV positive male cohorts low monthly mean koilocytes count of 7.60% and high CD4 Count of 687 lymphocytes counts/µl were observed. The Spearman's ranked correlation coefficients between koilocytes and the CD4 Counts in both the female and male cohorts were each, 0.8.

Conclusions: In the HIV positive female cohort, there was a significant level of correlation (P<0.05) between the low CD4 count and the high monthly prevalence count of koilocytes; in the HIV positive male cohorts, there was also a significant correlation (P<0.05) in high CD4 count and the low monthly prevalence of koilocytes. Depletion of immunity therefore appears to be worsening in HPV and HIV co- infection.